Costruzioni impersonali

20 lingue

spagnoloConstrucciones Impersonales

B1Impersonal expressions: hay que + infinitive (one must), se puede (one can), es necesario/importante/posible + infinitive or que + subjunctive. Se impersonal constructions.

franceseTournures Impersonnelles Avancées

C1Formal impersonal constructions: il appert que, il échoit à, il incombe à, il ressort que. Administrative and legal language patterns.

italianoVerbi Impersonali

A2Verbs used only in third person singular: bisogna (it's necessary), basta (it's enough), sembra (it seems), pare (it appears), occorre (it's needed). Often followed by infinitive or che + subjunctive.

portogheseConstruções Impessoais

B1Impersonal expressions: é preciso/necessário + infinitive or que + subjunctive. É possível, é importante. Há que + infinitive (one must).

russoБезличные конструкции

B1Subjectless sentences: dative + predicate (мне холодно), нужно/надо (need), можно/нельзя (may/may not), weather (холодно), modals in past (можно было).

svedeseOpersonliga Konstruktioner

B1Impersonal expressions with 'man' (one/you), 'det' + passive, and fixed phrases. 'Man' is the generic pronoun for rules and norms.

polaccoKonstrukcje Nieosobowe

B1Impersonal expressions: trzeba (it is necessary), można (one can), warto (it is worth). Weather and state expressions.

daneseUpersonlige Konstruktioner

B1Impersonal expressions with 'man' (one/you), 'det' + passive, and fixed impersonal phrases. 'Man' is the generic pronoun for rules and norms.

norvegeseUpersonlige Konstruksjoner

B1Impersonal expressions with 'man' (one/you), 'det' + passive, and fixed impersonal phrases. 'Man' is the generic pronoun.

finlandeseNollapersoonarakenne

A1Zero-person construction: verb in 3rd singular, no subject. täytyy (must), saa (may), kannattaa (it's worth). Common in Finnish.

grecoΑπρόσωπα Ρήματα

B1Impersonal verbs and constructions: πρέπει (must), φαίνεται (it seems), αξίζει (it's worth), χρειάζεται (it's needed), βρέχει (it rains).

cecoNeosobní Konstrukce

B1Impersonal expressions: je třeba (it is necessary), je možné (it is possible), dá se (one can). Weather and state expressions.

unghereseAlanytalan Mondatok

C1Impersonal and subjectless sentences with kell (must), szabad (may), lehet (possible), tilos (forbidden), érdemes (worth).

ucrainoБезособові Конструкції

B1Impersonal expressions: треба (it is necessary), можна (one can), варто (it is worth). Weather and state expressions.

swahiliKauli ya Kutendwa Changamano

B2Impersonal passives, double passives, and passives with verb extensions: inaaminika (it is believed), inasemekana (it is said), imefanywa vizuri (it has been done well).

persianoساخت‌های غیرشخصی

B2Impersonal verb forms and expressions: باید bāyad (must), شاید shāyad (maybe), نباید nabāyad (must not) are invariable. Also می‌شود mishavad (it is possible), لازم است lāzem ast (it is necessary).

filippinoMga Balangkas na Palakad at Panalagay

B2Stative constructions with na- and naka- prefixes indicate states/results: nabasag (got broken), nakaupo (seated/in sitting position). Different from active/deliberate ma-/maka-.

yorubaÌtẹnumọ́ àti Gbólóhùn Ìpín

B2Yoruba uses focus constructions to emphasize elements: 'Adé ni ó lọ' (It is Ade who went) vs. 'Adé lọ' (Ade went). The particle ni marks the focused element, with restructuring of the sentence.

bascoPasibo Boza eta Inpertsonala

B2Basque does not have a true passive voice but uses impersonal constructions and nor-nork restructuring. Common patterns: indefinite subject, reflexive constructions with 'bere burua'.

catalanoConstruccions Impersonals

B1Impersonal expressions: cal (it is necessary), es pot (one can), es diu que (it is said that), fa falta (it is needed). Using infinitive or subjunctive with impersonal triggers.

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