Voorwaardelijke zinnen

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SpaansOraciones Condicionales
B1If-then constructions: Si + present → future/imperative (real), Si + imperfect subjunctive → conditional (unreal present). Por si acaso, como si.
FransPhrases Conditionnelles
B1If-then constructions: Si + present → future/imperative (real), Si + imparfait → conditionnel (unreal present). Si jamais, au cas où.
DuitsKonditionalsätze (Typ 2 & 3)
B2Unreal conditionals: Type 2 (present unreal), Type 3 (past unreal) with Konjunktiv II.
ItaliaansPeriodo Ipotetico della Realtà
B1First conditional (real/possible): Se + present/future, present/future/imperative. Expresses likely or real conditions with expected outcomes.
PortugeesOrações Condicionais
B1If-then constructions: Se + present → future/imperative (real), Se + imperfect subjunctive → conditional (unreal present). Caso, a menos que.
Japans高度な条件表現
C1Sophisticated conditional expressions: ようものなら (if...were to), としたら/とすれば (if we assume), ないことには (unless), 限りでは (as long as).
Koreaans조건 표현
A2Conditional 'if/when': stem + (으)면. Expresses conditions, hypotheticals, and temporal 'when'. Very common and versatile pattern.
Arabischالجملة الشرطية
B1Conditionals: إن/إذا (if) + jussive for possible, لو (if) + past for impossible/hypothetical. Result clause follows condition clause.
Hindiशर्त वाक्य
B1Conditionals using अगर/यदि (if): real conditions (present + future), unreal present (subjunctive + conditional ता/ती/ते), counterfactual past.
RussischСослагательное наклонение
A2Conditional with бы + past tense verb. Expresses hypothetical, wishes, polite requests. Word order flexible. Если бы for 'if' conditional clauses.
NederlandsVoorwaardelijke Zinnen
B1Conditional with 'als' (if). Real: als + present, present/future. Unreal present: als + simple past, zou + infinitive. Unreal past: als + past perfect, zou + hebben/zijn + participle.
ZweedsKonditionalsatser
B2Real conditions (om + present), unreal present (om + preteritum, skulle), unreal past (om + hade + supine, skulle ha).
PoolsZdania Warunkowe
B2Real (jeśli + future), unreal present (gdyby + past conditional), unreal past (gdyby + past conditional of być + past participle).
DeensKonditionalsætninger
B2Real conditions (hvis + present), unreal present (hvis + preteritum), unreal past (hvis + havde + participle).
NoorsKondisjonalsetninger
B2Real conditions (hvis + present), unreal present (hvis + preteritum), unreal past (hvis + hadde + participle).
FinsEhtolauseet
B1Real conditions: jos + present, present/future. Unreal: jos + conditional, conditional. Past unreal: jos + cond.perf., cond.perf.
GrieksΥποθετικές Προτάσεις
B2Real (αν + indicative), unreal present (αν + imperfect, θα + imperfect), unreal past (αν + past perfect, θα + past perfect).
TsjechischPodmínkové Věty
B2Real (jestli/když + indicative), unreal present (kdyby + conditional), unreal past (kdyby + past conditional).
RoemeensPropozițiile Condiționale
B2Real conditions (dacă + present), unreal present (dacă + imperfect/conditional), unreal past (dacă + pluperfect, conditional perfect).
HongaarsFeltételes Mondatok
B1Ha + indicative for real conditions, ha + conditional for unreal. Past conditional with volna for counterfactual past.
Hebreeuwsמשפטי תנאי
B2Real (אם + future), unreal present (אילו/לו + past, היה + present participle), unreal past (אילו/לו + past, היה + past).
Thaiประโยคเงื่อนไข
B1Conditional with ถ้า [thâa] (if), หาก [hàak] (if-formal). Real and unreal conditionals. Result: ก็ [kɔ̂ɔ].
VietnameesCâu Điều Kiện
B1Conditional with nếu (if), giả sử (suppose). Real and unreal conditionals. Result clause: thì.
IndonesischKalimat Kondisional
B1Conditional with kalau/jika (if), seandainya (suppose). Real and unreal conditionals. Result: maka (then).
OekraïensУмовні Речення
B2Real (якщо + future), unreal present (якби + past conditional), unreal past (якби + past perfect conditional).
SwahiliHali ya Masharti (-nge-/-ngali-)
B1Conditional tense with -nge- (present hypothetical) and -ngali- (past hypothetical). Ningejua = I would know; ningalijua = I would have known. Used in if-then constructions with kama (if).
Perzischجمله‌های شرطی
B2Three types: real (اگر + present, present/future), unlikely (اگر + past, past), impossible (اگر + past perfect, past perfect). Colloquial often simplifies to اگه age.
FilipijnsMga Pangungusap na Pasubali (Kung)
B1Conditional clauses use kung (if). Real conditions use contemplated or incompleted aspect. Sana + completed aspect expresses wishes. Kahit means 'even if/although'.
Urduشرطیہ جملے
B1اگر agar (if) introduces conditions. Real: اگر + present/subjunctive, تو + future. Unreal: اگر + subjunctive, تو + subjunctive. Counterfactual: اگر + past habitual, تو + past habitual.
YorubaGbólóhùn Ìpinnu (Bí/Tí)
B1Real conditions use bí (if): Bí o bá lọ... (If you go...). Bá is an auxiliary that combines with bí for conditional meaning. Hypothetical uses bí...ìbá (if...would).
IersAbairtí Coinníollacha Bunúsacha
B1First conditional with 'má' (if, +lenition for present/past): Má thagann sé, beidh mé sásta. Open conditions use present or future. 'Mura' (if not) + eclipsis for negative conditions.
WelshCymalau Amodol Syml
B1First conditional with 'os' (if): Os bydd hi'n braf, byddwn ni'n mynd (If it's fine, we'll go). Open conditions use future tense. Also 'os' with present for general truths.
MaoriRāngi Āhua
B2Conditional constructions: 'ki te' (if, likely), 'mehemea' (if, hypothetical), 'me i' (if, counterfactual past). Result clauses use 'ka' or 'kua'.
HawaïaansInā a me Ke
B2Conditional constructions: 'inā' (if, hypothetical), 'ke' (if/when, general). Counterfactuals use past markers. Result clauses may use 'alaila' (then).
Kantonees條件句
B1Conditional patterns: 如果…就 jyu4 gwo2...zau6 (if...then), 除非…否則 ceoi4 fei1...fau2 zak1 (unless...otherwise). Colloquial: 如果 often shortened to 話.
CatalaansOracions Condicionals Bàsiques
B1First conditional with 'si' + present + future: Si plou, no sortiré. Also 'si' + present + present for general truths. Open, real conditions for future possibilities.
EngelsFirst Conditional
B1If + present, will + base verb for real/possible future situations. Unless = if not. When for certain events. Other modals possible: can, might, should.

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