Kala lampau (Dasar/Sempurna)

10 bahasa

SpanyolPretérito Indefinido

A2Simple past for completed actions at a specific time. Regular endings: -AR (-é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -asteis, -aron), -ER/-IR (-í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis, -ieron). Many irregular verbs.

PrancisPassé Composé

A2Compound past tense with auxiliary (avoir or être) + past participle. Most verbs use avoir. DR MRS VANDERTRAMP verbs and reflexives use être (participle agrees with subject).

JermanPerfekt mit haben

A2Forming the perfect tense with haben + past participle for most verbs.

ItaliaPassato Prossimo con Essere

A2Verbs using essere as auxiliary: motion verbs (andare, venire, partire, arrivare), state changes (nascere, morire, diventare), and stare/restare/rimanere. Past participle agrees with subject in gender and number.

PortugisPretérito Perfeito Simples

A2Simple past for completed actions. Regular endings: -AR (-ei, -aste, -ou, -ámos, -astes, -aram), -ER/-IR (-i, -este, -eu/-iu, -emos/-imos, -estes/-istes, -eram/-iram).

A2Plain past form: follows same sound changes as て-form but ends in た/だ (書いた, 読んだ). Used in casual speech, relative clauses, and certain grammar patterns.

Korea과거 시제

A1Past tense: stem + 았 (after ㅏ/ㅗ) or 었 (other), then add speech level ending. 하다→했. Same vowel harmony as polite ending.

Arabالفعل الماضي

A1Perfect/past tense: completed actions. Base form is 3rd person masculine singular. Conjugation by suffix: كتب (he wrote), كتبتُ (I wrote), كتبوا (they wrote).

KatalanPerfet d'Indicatiu

A2Compound past with haver + past participle: he cantat, has cantat, ha cantat... Used for recent past or present-relevant past. Past participle agrees with preceding direct object pronoun in formal register.

InggrisPast Simple Regular

A2Past simple for completed past actions. Regular verbs add -ed (worked, played). Spelling: -e→-ed, consonant-y→-ied, double final consonant. Same form for all persons.

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