否定

32种语言

西班牙语Negación Básica

A1Negation with 'no' before the verb. Double negatives are standard: no...nada, no...nadie, no...nunca. 'No' can also mean 'not' in answers.

法语Négation de Base

A1Basic negation with ne...pas surrounding the conjugated verb. Ne becomes n' before vowels. In spoken French, 'ne' is often dropped.

德语Verneinung mit nicht/kein

A1Negation using nicht (for verbs, adjectives, adverbs) and kein (for nouns with indefinite articles).

葡萄牙语Negação Básica

A1Negation with 'não' before the verb. Double negatives are standard: não...nada, não...ninguém, não...nunca. Unlike Spanish, single negative word after verb doesn't negate alone.

中文否定词

A1Two negation words: 不 (bù) for habits, states, future; 没(有) (méi) for past actions and 有. 不 changes to bú before 4th tone.

韩语부정문

A1Two negation patterns: 안 + verb (won't/don't, choice) and 못 + verb (can't, inability). Also long form: -지 않다, -지 못하다. 없다 for 'not exist'.

阿拉伯语نفي الفعل

A1Negation patterns: ما + past (didn't), لا + present (don't/won't), لن + present (will not), لم + jussive (didn't). Each has specific usage.

印地语निषेध

A1Basic negation with नहीं (not) placed before the verb. मत is used for negative commands. न is more formal/literary.

俄语Отрицание

A1Negation with не before verbs and other words. Double/multiple negation is standard in Russian. Нет for 'no' and 'there is no'. Genitive after negation.

荷兰语Ontkenning

A1Negation with 'niet' (not) and 'geen' (no/not a). Use 'geen' before indefinite nouns (een → geen). Use 'niet' with definite nouns, adjectives, verbs. 'Niet' usually goes late in the sentence.

瑞典语Negation med Inte

A1Negation with 'inte' (not) placed after the verb in main clauses, before the verb in subordinate clauses.

土耳其语Olumsuzluk

A1Verbs are negated with -me/-ma before the tense suffix. Değil negates noun/adjective predicates. Yok negates existence.

波兰语Przeczenie

A1Negation with 'nie' before verb. Accusative becomes genitive after negation. Double/multiple negation is standard.

芬兰语Kielto

A1Negation with auxiliary 'ei' conjugated + verb stem: en puhu, et puhu, ei puhu, emme puhu, ette puhu, eivät puhu.

希腊语Άρνηση

A1Negation with δεν (don't/doesn't) before verb. Past/future: δεν. Subjunctive: μην. Double negation possible.

捷克语Zápor

A1Negation with 'ne-' prefix on verb: nemluvím, nejsem. Double negation is standard: nikdo nic neví (nobody knows nothing).

罗马尼亚语Negația cu Nu

A1Negation with 'nu' placed before the verb. Double negation is standard: 'nu...nimic' (not...nothing), 'nu...niciodată' (not...never).

匈牙利语Alapvető Tagadás

A1Negation with nem (not) before verb. Negative words: senki (nobody), semmi (nothing), sehol (nowhere). Multiple negation is standard.

希伯来语שלילה

A1Negation with לא before verb or adjective. Present: אני לא כותב. Past: לא כתבתי. אין for 'don't have' and negative existence.

泰语การปฏิเสธ

A1Negation with ไม่ [mâi] before verb/adjective. ไม่ใช่ [mâi châi] for 'is not' with nouns. ยัง...ไม่ [yang...mâi] = 'not yet'.

越南语Phủ Định

A1Negation with không before verb/adjective. không phải for 'is not' with nouns. chưa = 'not yet'. Also: chẳng, đừng (don't-imperative).

印度尼西亚语Negasi

A1Negation: tidak (for verbs/adjectives), bukan (for nouns/pronouns). Belum = 'not yet'. Jangan = 'don't' (imperative).

乌克兰语Заперечення

A1Negation with не before verb. Accusative becomes genitive after negation. Double/multiple negation is standard: ніхто нічого не знає.

斯瓦希里语Ukanushi (Ha-/-i)

A1Negation uses the prefix ha- combined with modified subject prefixes: si- (I don't), hu- (you don't), ha- (he/she doesn't), hatu- (we don't). Present negative also adds -i ending.

波斯语نفی با «ن»

A1Verbs are negated by adding the prefix ن (ne- before present stems, na- before past stems). نیست nist negates است. Stress shifts to the negation prefix.

菲律宾语Pagtanggi (Hindi/Wala/Huwag)

A1Three negation words: hindi (negates adjectives and verbs), wala (negates existence/possession), huwag (negative command). Each has distinct grammatical roles.

约鲁巴语Àìgbà (Kò/Kì/Má)

A1Main negation markers: kò (general negation before verbs), kì (habitual negation), má (negative imperative, 'don't'). Kò changes the tone pattern of the following verb.

巴斯克语Ezezko Esaldiak

A1Negation in Basque is formed with 'ez' placed before the auxiliary verb. In negative sentences the auxiliary moves before the main verb: 'Ez dut nahi' (I don't want).

毛利语Whakakāhore

A1Negation varies by tense: 'kāore...i' (past negative), 'e kore...e' (future negative), 'kāore...e...ana' (present negative). 'Kaua' for negative commands.

夏威夷语ʻAʻole

A1Negation uses 'ʻaʻole' (not) before the predicate. For commands: 'mai' (don't). ʻAʻohe means 'there is no/none'. Negative existential: 'ʻaʻohe' + noun.

粤语基本否定

A1Two main negation words: 唔 m4 (general negation before verbs/adjectives) and 冇 mou5 (negation of 有, also for completed actions). 未 mei6 negates completion ('not yet').

加泰罗尼亚语Negació i Interrogació

A1Negation with 'no' before the verb. Questions formed by intonation or inversion. Double negatives required: no...res (nothing), no...mai (never), no...ningú (nobody), no...cap (no/none).

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