単純過去(文語)

7言語

スペイン語Pretérito Indefinido

A2Simple past for completed actions at a specific time. Regular endings: -AR (-é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -asteis, -aron), -ER/-IR (-í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis, -ieron). Many irregular verbs.

フランス語Passé Simple

C1Literary past tense for completed actions in narratives. Used in formal writing, literature, history. Three patterns: -er→-ai, -ir/-re→-is/-us. Many irregular forms.

ドイツ語Präteritum (literarisch)

C1Extended use of Präteritum in written narratives, including all verb types consistently.

イタリア語Passato Remoto

C1Simple past for completed actions perceived as distant or disconnected from present. Regular and highly irregular forms. Used in literature, formal writing, and Southern Italian speech.

ポルトガル語Mais-que-perfeito Simples

C1Literary pluperfect: single verb form from preterite stem + -ra endings (falara, comera, partira). Used in formal writing, literature. Often replaced by compound form in speech.

ルーマニア語Perfectul Simplu

C1Literary/regional past tense (common in Oltenia region). Simple forms without auxiliary, similar to French passé simple.

カタロニア語Passat Simple

C1Literary past tense (cantí, cantares, cantà, cantàrem, cantàreu, cantaren) used in formal writing and literature. Replaced by periphrastic past in speech. Essential for reading Catalan literature.

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