现在完成时

2种语言

波斯语ماضی نقلی

A2Formed with past participle (past stem + ه -e) + بودن enclitic (am, i, ast, im, id, and). Indicates completed action with present relevance: رفته‌ام rafte-am (I have gone). Also used for reported/hearsay past.

乌尔都语حال مکمل

B1Formed with past participle (verb stem + ا/ی/ے) + ہونا present auxiliary. Follows ergative pattern for transitive verbs. میں نے کتاب پڑھی ہے (I have read the book).

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