过去完成时

8种语言

西班牙语Pluscuamperfecto

B1Past-before-past tense: imperfect of haber (había, habías, había, habíamos, habíais, habían) + past participle. For actions completed before another past action.

法语Plus-que-parfait

B1Past-before-past tense: imperfect of avoir/être + past participle. Used for actions completed before another past action. J'avais mangé quand il est arrivé.

德语Plusquamperfekt

B2Past perfect tense for actions before another past action: hatte/war + past participle.

意大利语Trapassato Prossimo

B2Pluperfect indicative: imperfect of avere/essere + past participle. For actions completed before another past action. Essential for sequencing events and indirect speech.

葡萄牙语Mais-que-perfeito

B1Past-before-past: compound form (tinha + participle) more common than simple form. For actions completed before another past action.

希腊语Υπερσυντέλικος

B2Past perfect: είχα + past participle. Actions completed before another past action.

罗马尼亚语Mai-mult-ca-perfectul

B2Simple pluperfect without auxiliary, formed with special endings (-sem/-seși/-se/-serăm/-serăți/-seră). Unique among Romance languages.

加泰罗尼亚语Plusquamperfet i Passat Anterior

B2Pluperfect: havia cantat (I had sung), for actions before another past event. Past anterior: haguí cantat (rare, literary). Used in complex temporal sequences and reported speech.

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