التراكيب غير الشخصية

20 لغة

الإسبانيةConstrucciones Impersonales
B1Impersonal expressions: hay que + infinitive (one must), se puede (one can), es necesario/importante/posible + infinitive or que + subjunctive. Se impersonal constructions.
الفرنسيةTournures Impersonnelles Avancées
C1Formal impersonal constructions: il appert que, il échoit à, il incombe à, il ressort que. Administrative and legal language patterns.
الإيطاليةVerbi Impersonali
A2Verbs used only in third person singular: bisogna (it's necessary), basta (it's enough), sembra (it seems), pare (it appears), occorre (it's needed). Often followed by infinitive or che + subjunctive.
البرتغاليةConstruções Impessoais
B1Impersonal expressions: é preciso/necessário + infinitive or que + subjunctive. É possível, é importante. Há que + infinitive (one must).
الروسيةБезличные конструкции
B1Subjectless sentences: dative + predicate (мне холодно), нужно/надо (need), можно/нельзя (may/may not), weather (холодно), modals in past (можно было).
السويديةOpersonliga Konstruktioner
B1Impersonal expressions with 'man' (one/you), 'det' + passive, and fixed phrases. 'Man' is the generic pronoun for rules and norms.
البولنديةKonstrukcje Nieosobowe
B1Impersonal expressions: trzeba (it is necessary), można (one can), warto (it is worth). Weather and state expressions.
الدانمركيةUpersonlige Konstruktioner
B1Impersonal expressions with 'man' (one/you), 'det' + passive, and fixed impersonal phrases. 'Man' is the generic pronoun for rules and norms.
النرويجيةUpersonlige Konstruksjoner
B1Impersonal expressions with 'man' (one/you), 'det' + passive, and fixed impersonal phrases. 'Man' is the generic pronoun.
الفنلنديةNollapersoonarakenne
A1Zero-person construction: verb in 3rd singular, no subject. täytyy (must), saa (may), kannattaa (it's worth). Common in Finnish.
اليونانيةΑπρόσωπα Ρήματα
B1Impersonal verbs and constructions: πρέπει (must), φαίνεται (it seems), αξίζει (it's worth), χρειάζεται (it's needed), βρέχει (it rains).
التشيكيةNeosobní Konstrukce
B1Impersonal expressions: je třeba (it is necessary), je možné (it is possible), dá se (one can). Weather and state expressions.
الهنغاريةAlanytalan Mondatok
C1Impersonal and subjectless sentences with kell (must), szabad (may), lehet (possible), tilos (forbidden), érdemes (worth).
الأوكرانيةБезособові Конструкції
B1Impersonal expressions: треба (it is necessary), можна (one can), варто (it is worth). Weather and state expressions.
السواحليةKauli ya Kutendwa Changamano
B2Impersonal passives, double passives, and passives with verb extensions: inaaminika (it is believed), inasemekana (it is said), imefanywa vizuri (it has been done well).
الفارسيةساخت‌های غیرشخصی
B2Impersonal verb forms and expressions: باید bāyad (must), شاید shāyad (maybe), نباید nabāyad (must not) are invariable. Also می‌شود mishavad (it is possible), لازم است lāzem ast (it is necessary).
الفلبينيةMga Balangkas na Palakad at Panalagay
B2Stative constructions with na- and naka- prefixes indicate states/results: nabasag (got broken), nakaupo (seated/in sitting position). Different from active/deliberate ma-/maka-.
اليوروباÌtẹnumọ́ àti Gbólóhùn Ìpín
B2Yoruba uses focus constructions to emphasize elements: 'Adé ni ó lọ' (It is Ade who went) vs. 'Adé lọ' (Ade went). The particle ni marks the focused element, with restructuring of the sentence.
الباسكيةPasibo Boza eta Inpertsonala
B2Basque does not have a true passive voice but uses impersonal constructions and nor-nork restructuring. Common patterns: indefinite subject, reflexive constructions with 'bere burua'.
الكتالانيةConstruccions Impersonals
B1Impersonal expressions: cal (it is necessary), es pot (one can), es diu que (it is said that), fa falta (it is needed). Using infinitive or subjunctive with impersonal triggers.

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