Formal Written Style

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日本語書き言葉（である体）

C1である style for academic and formal writing. Endings: である (is), ではない (is not), であった (was). Also noun + における (in/at), noun + に関して (regarding).

中国語书面语

C1Written register: 将 (把 formal), 予以 (give), 进行 (carry out), 加以 (apply), 予 (give). More classical elements, longer sentences.

韓国語문어체

C1Formal written endings: -다/-ㄴ다/-는다 (plain statement), -(으)ㄴ/는 바 (regarding), -는바 (as/since). News, academic, literary styles.

ロシア語Официально-деловой стиль

C1Official/bureaucratic register: nominal style (nominalization), passive constructions, bookish conjunctions (в связи с тем что, ввиду того что), fixed formulas.

スウェーデン語Formellt Skriftspråk

C1Features of formal Swedish: passive voice preference, nominal style, complex compounds, vilken/vilket instead of som.

デンマーク語Formelt Skriftsprog

C1Features of formal Danish: passive preference, nominal style, complex compounds, formal vocabulary.

ノルウェー語Formelt Skriftspråk

C1Features of formal Norwegian: passive preference, nominal style, complex compounds, formal vocabulary.

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