Focus and Cleft Constructions

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italienFrase Scissa

C1Splitting sentence for focus: È + focused element + che + rest. Emphasizes new or contrastive information. Pseudo-cleft variant: Quello che/Chi... è X.

hongroisFókusz és Topik

B2Information structure determining word order. Topic (known info) first, then focus (new/emphasized info) immediately before verb.

yorubaÌtẹnumọ́ àti Gbólóhùn Ìpín

B2Yoruba uses focus constructions to emphasize elements: 'Adé ni ó lọ' (It is Ade who went) vs. 'Adé lọ' (Ade went). The particle ni marks the focused element, with restructuring of the sentence.

cantonais焦點同分裂句

C1Advanced focusing strategies: 係…嘅 cleft construction to emphasize specific elements, contrastive focus with 至 zi3 (only then), and 先至 sin1 zi3 (only when/then).

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