複文の構造

26言語

C2Advanced subordination: multiple embedded clauses, correlative conjunctions (no solo...sino también, tanto...como, ya...ya), suspended clauses, parenthetical insertions.

ドイツ語Komplexe Satzgefüge

C2Multi-level embedded clauses, relative clause stacking, and sophisticated hypotaxis.

イタリア語Periodo Complesso

C2Multi-clause sentences with embedded subordinates, coordinate structures, and varied subordination levels. Managing tense consistency across clauses. Periodic vs. loose sentence structures.

日本語終助詞

A1Particles at sentence end conveying nuance: ね (seeking agreement), よ (informing), か (question), の (explanation/question, casual). Soften or emphasize statements.

ヒンディー語जटिल वाक्य संरचना

B2Advanced subordination: purpose clauses (ताकि), reason clauses (क्योंकि/इसलिए कि), concessive (हालाँकि), result (इतना...कि).

ロシア語Сложные предложения

B2Advanced subordinating: тем...чем (the more...the more), то...то (now...now), не то что...а (not that...but), не только...но и (not only...but also).

オランダ語Complexe Bijzinnen

B2Multiple embedded clauses, relative clauses with prepositions (de man met wie ik sprak), and correlative constructions (hoe...des te, zowel...als). Maintaining correct verb-final order throughout.

ポーランド語Zdania Wielokrotnie Złożone

C1Multi-clause sentences: conditional within relative, concessive (chociaż, mimo że, pomimo), correlative constructions.

チェコ語Složená Souvětí

C1Multi-clause sentences with embedding: conditional within relative clauses, concessive clauses (ačkoli, přestože, i když), purpose within result.

ルーマニア語Fraze Complexe

B2Coordination and subordination with various conjunctions: deși (although), dacă (if), pentru că (because), astfel încât (so that).

ハンガリー語Bonyolult Mondatszerkezetek

C2Complex embeddings, multiple subordinate clauses, long-distance dependencies. Correlative pronoun system in complex sentences.

タイ語ประโยคซับซ้อน

B2Multi-clause sentences with subordination: เพราะ...จึง (because...so), ถ้า...ก็ (if...then), แม้...แต่ (although...but), ไม่เพียง...แต่ (not only...but).

ベトナム語Câu Phức

B2Multi-clause sentences with subordination: vì...nên (because...so), nếu...thì (if...then), tuy...nhưng (although...but), chẳng những...mà (not only...but).

インドネシア語Kalimat Kompleks

B2Multi-clause sentences: karena...maka (because...then), kalau...maka (if...then), walaupun...tetapi (although...but). Formal written patterns.

ウクライナ語Складнопідрядні Речення

C1Multi-clause sentences: conditional within relative, concessive (хоча, незважаючи на те що, навіть якщо), correlative constructions.

スワヒリ語Sentensi Rejeshi Changamano

C1Nested relative clauses, negative relatives (-siye-, -sicho- etc.), and relative of manner. Amba- construction for complex or formal relatives: ambaye, ambayo, ambacho, etc.

フィリピノ語Pagdugtong ng Masalimuot na Pangungusap

B2Strategies for building complex multi-clause sentences: embedded kung clauses, stacked na/-ng relative clauses, and combining focus systems across clauses for cohesive discourse.

ウルドゥー語مرکب جملے

B2Advanced subordinating patterns: حالانکہ hālāṅke (although), تاہم tāham (however), جب تک jab tak (until), جب سے jab se (since), تاکہ tāke (so that), بشرطیکہ basharṭe ke (provided that).

ヨルバ語Ìṣọ̀kan Gbólóhùn Ìjìnlẹ̀

C1Multiple embedded clauses, clause chaining with serial verbs and connectors, and the interplay of focus, relative clauses, and aspect in formal Yoruba discourse.

アイルランド語Struchtúir Chasta Clásail

C1Advanced subordination: concessive clauses (cé go, dá), purpose clauses (chun go, le go), result clauses (chomh...go). Multiple embedded clauses and complex dependency structures.

ウェールズ語Cystrawen Gymhleth

C1Multi-clause constructions: concessive clauses with 'er + bod', consecutive clauses, parenthetical insertions, and literary subordination patterns not found in spoken Welsh.

バスク語Perpaus Konplexuak

C1Multiple embedded clauses, participial constructions, and complex nominalized sentences. Using -ta/-rik (having done), -tzeko moduan (in such a way that), and nested relative clauses.

マオリ語Rerenga Matatini

C1Advanced multi-clause constructions: embedded relative clauses, nominalized verb phrases, purpose clauses with 'hei' (for the purpose of), and complex temporal chaining.

ハワイ語Pepeke Pili

B1Connecting clauses with 'a' (and then), 'i' (so that/in order to), 'no ka mea' (because), 'ke...nei' (present tense marker), 'inā' (if). Building multi-clause sentences.

カタロニア語Subordinació Avançada

C1Complex clause patterns: concessive (malgrat que, per bé que), purpose (a fi que + subjunctive), result (de manera que), cause (atès que, vist que), and their register associations.

英語Complex Passive

C1Reporting verbs in passive: It is said that... / He is said to be... Subject + passive + infinitive. Various tenses with infinitives (to be doing, to have done).

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