基本の否定

12言語

スペイン語Negación Básica
A1Negation with 'no' before the verb. Double negatives are standard: no...nada, no...nadie, no...nunca. 'No' can also mean 'not' in answers.
フランス語Négation de Base
A1Basic negation with ne...pas surrounding the conjugated verb. Ne becomes n' before vowels. In spoken French, 'ne' is often dropped.
ドイツ語Verneinung mit nicht/kein
A1Negation using nicht (for verbs, adjectives, adverbs) and kein (for nouns with indefinite articles).
ポルトガル語Negação Básica
A1Negation with 'não' before the verb. Double negatives are standard: não...nada, não...ninguém, não...nunca. Unlike Spanish, single negative word after verb doesn't negate alone.
日本語基本的な否定
A1Forming negative sentences: verbs use ません/ない, い-adjectives use くない, な-adjectives use じゃない, nouns use じゃありません/ではない.
ロシア語Отрицание
A1Negation with не before verbs and other words. Double/multiple negation is standard in Russian. Нет for 'no' and 'there is no'. Genitive after negation.
オランダ語Ontkenning
A1Negation with 'niet' (not) and 'geen' (no/not a). Use 'geen' before indefinite nouns (een → geen). Use 'niet' with definite nouns, adjectives, verbs. 'Niet' usually goes late in the sentence.
ギリシャ語Άρνηση
A1Negation with δεν (don't/doesn't) before verb. Past/future: δεν. Subjunctive: μην. Double negation possible.
ルーマニア語Negația cu Nu
A1Negation with 'nu' placed before the verb. Double negation is standard: 'nu...nimic' (not...nothing), 'nu...niciodată' (not...never).
ハンガリー語Alapvető Tagadás
A1Negation with nem (not) before verb. Negative words: senki (nobody), semmi (nothing), sehol (nowhere). Multiple negation is standard.
広東語基本否定
A1Two main negation words: 唔 m4 (general negation before verbs/adjectives) and 冇 mou5 (negation of 有, also for completed actions). 未 mei6 negates completion ('not yet').
カタロニア語Negació i Interrogació
A1Negation with 'no' before the verb. Questions formed by intonation or inversion. Double negatives required: no...res (nothing), no...mai (never), no...ningú (nobody), no...cap (no/none).

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